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Glossary 71 These materials are © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Any dissemination, distribution, or unauthorized use is strictly prohibited. Domain Name System (DNS): A hierarchical, decentralized directory service database that converts domain names to IP addresses for computers, services, and other computing resources connected to a network or the Internet. dynamic address group: An object group, used in policies, that uses tags as filtering criteria to determine its members. A dynamic address group allows you to create policies that adapt to changes such as adds, moves, or deletions of VMs. See also virtual machine (VM). Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP): A standardized protocol that provides TCP/IP and Link Layer configuration parameters and network addresses to dynamically configured hosts on a TCP/IP network. See also Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP). exploit: Software or code that takes advantage of a vulnerability in an operating system or application, and causes unintended behavior in the operating system or application, such as privilege escalation, remote control, or a denial-of-service. file transfer protocol (FTP): A standardized protocol used for the transfer of files between a client and server over a network. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): A European Union law on data protection and privacy for all individuals within the EU and the European Economic Area. The GDPR supersedes the Data Protection Directive (95/46/EC) and became enforceable in 2018. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA): U.S. legislation passed in 1996 that, among other things, protects the confidentiality and privacy of protected health information (PHI). See also protected health information. hybrid cloud: An environment consisting of resources from multiple public and/or private clouds that provide application and data portabil- ity across clouds. See also private cloud and public cloud. HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP): The primary communication protocol of the Internet. HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS): A secure communica- tion protocol widely used on the Internet. hypervisor: In a virtualized environment, the supervisory program that controls allocation of resources and access to communications and peripheral devices.